What are the components of an LED screen?

When we watch the picture shocking giant stage performance screen, or shopping mall advertising signage, the vast majority of these are the use of LED screen to complete the picture display. LED screen is so powerful, a complete LED screen is composed of what components, we come together to understand.

What is an LED screen?

LED screen is a self-luminous screen display technology using LEDs (light emitting diodes) as pixels. LED screens are capable of displaying many types of information such as text, pictures, and video. When we need to display content, we can control the brightness and color of the LED beads to create the text or image we want to display.

Due to the light-emitting properties of LEDs, LED screens have low energy consumption, long service life, high brightness and high contrast, and high color saturation of LED displays, which makes them widely used in multimedia video, stage performances, arenas, and marketing advertisements, among other platforms.

What are LED screen components?

LED screen components refers to all the components that make up the LED display screen, the composition of any electronic device is not simple, LED screen to complete the complexity of the work, need to be able to image the pixels and substrates, able to transmit the signal content source, able to control the signal and the conversion of the LED controller, able to install the LED module of the cabinet, as well as the most basic power supply and cables.

Each of these components is an indispensable presence in the process of displaying images on an LED screen.

The three basic parts of LED screen components

There are many categories of LED screen components, and if we just want to understand its basic working principle, then we can divide the LED screen components into three main basic parts: content source (input information) – LED controller (transformed information) LED panel (output information).

Content Source

In the structure of the LED screen components, the content source is the most critical link to determine the final presentation of the LED display screen, which represents the target information that we as users want to display.

The content source can be processed text, pictures or video, usually stored in the memory card or memory disk; if it is a real-time broadcast shooting content, then the content source also needs the participation of the camera, the content source captured by the camera will be accessed through the computer to the LED controller, and ultimately display the relevant picture on the LED screen.

LED Controller

In the structure of the LED screen components, LED controller and LED panel connection, LED controller can manage and control the LED screen in all the LED module, it is like the brain of the LED screen, the human brain can control the face to make expressions, the LED controller can control the LED panel to display the content of the screen, display mode, brightness, contrast, color and so on.
LED controller usually has two parts:

• Video control system: this is the software component that manages the LED screen, and its program can help the LED controller to effectively run the video or image processing conversion work.
• Control board: this is the hardware component to control the LED screen, it contains the computer, receiving card and sending card, the control board can receive the content source, through the video control system processing, and finally send the video signal to the LED display panel.

LED Panel

LED panel is the main hardware components of the LED screen, there are some LED screens is built by the LED module directly on the steel structure, there are some LED screens is built by the box composed of LED module, whether it is a box assembly or the module is built directly, the two kinds of structure of the LED screen in the most important, the most basic components are LED panel.

Detailed analysis of LED screen components

LED module: LED display module is the LED screen display the most direct visual presentation part, it is the basic component unit of the LED screen, each LED module is composed of LED lamp beads, PCB board, LED module pixel density, size determines the resolution of the LED screen, clarity and other important performance indicators.

LED lamp bead: each pixel of the LED screen is a LED lamp bead, each pixel contains red, green and blue three colors of lamp beads, these lamp beads by changing the brightness of different colors of lamp beads to a combination of thousands of colors, with the combination of colors and colors finally on the screen to present the picture we want to watch. The brightness limit and color temperature of the LED beads ultimately determine the color accuracy and vividness of the LED screen.

Driver IC: Driver IC is a very important and control-related electronic components of the LED screen, it can control the LED light beads light time, order and current, we usually evaluate the performance of a screen has a very important indicator – LED display refresh rate, refresh rate is controlled by the LED IC, driver IC performance is better, it can control the LED light beads light time, order and current. The better the IC performance, the higher the refresh rate it can control, the smoother the LED screen display.

Send card: The transmitter card is used to send the video signal processed by the control system, if the transmitter card fails, the signal processed by the control system can not be passed out.

Receiving card: the receiving card is used to receive the video signal sent by the control system, and the control system processed data to the LED module, the receiving card is responsible for synchronizing all the module signals, checking for errors and data decoding work.

LED controller (control system): LED controller can be different kinds of video content source into the LED screen can be correctly displayed instructions, it can also optimize the image or video, enhance the display effect and picture quality.

The LED controller usually contains a processor, storage, and rich interface circuits, etc., the performance of the LED controller directly affects the LED screen display, including some processing speed, image resolution, etc.

Cabinet or enclosure: cabinet is the LED screen module bracket, the LED module and other related components connected to be fixed together, and the cabinet usually have to prevent physical impact, dustproof, waterproof and other protective features, the cabinet for the LED screen module of the internal electronic components have a very important role in protecting.

Switching power supply: LED screen is usually not suitable for our usual 220V AC power supply, so there is a need for a switching power supply will be converted to AC power suitable for LED screen DC input power. LED screen can work stably with the power supply has a lot to do with the power supply, when the power supply is unstable, the LED screen will be flickering,  a stable LED power supply can help the LED screen have a longer service life.

Cables and connections: LED screen components in the cable and connection lines bear the LED screen module and the module between the signal transmission, power supply work, LED components of the connection part usually include DC5V line (power supply), flat cable (receive signal transmission), Ethernet cable (signal transmission) and AC line (AC power).

Cooling system: Although the LED screen does not convert much heat, but in order to increase the service life of the LED screen, usually the LED screen will do a cooling system, the cooling system includes ventilation design, heat sinks, as well as fans, the cooling system maximizes the improvement of the LED lamp beads and other electronic components generated during the operation of the heat, so that the service life of the LED screen longer.

Software: In order to real-time scheduling, modify the LED screen display content, we usually use the LED screen management software to operate, through the software to the LED screen to give instructions can be changed at any time the user wants to play the screen.

Currently on the market the most commonly used LED screen control software is NovaStar, ColorLight, Huidu and Linsn and other companies.

How to choose the right LED screen components

When choosing LED screen components, we should not only pursue their high performance, but also consider whether the components and components are compatible with each other, when we choose the components are not compatible, even if their quality is the best on the market today, each other can not be connected to each other, and ultimately the LED screen can not work properly.

In addition, we need to take into account the price of these components to meet our budget, as well as we need to take into account the environment to consider the brightness of the LED screen performance and durability.

Conclusion

LED screen components, whether they are the main components or auxiliary components, or inconspicuous components, any one of the components are critical, it is like a road, any section of the road is damaged vehicles can not be successfully passed from this road, the same reason, once there is a failure of the LED screen components will not make the LED screen can not work properly, they are compatible with each other, and smoothly connected together in order to produce bright Clear video screen.